polksalet Posted September 13, 2009 Share Posted September 13, 2009 In one of my classes we are using webct. Our instructions are to answer the question as concisely as possible, preferably less than one paragraph. This old bastage is retired from IBM, teaches Cal III and DE at school, and collects MS degrees. He got his first MS in 1960 in stats. This is the question and his answer. I have no idea what I can possibly add to the discussion. Chapter 3 discusses two spatial processes (deterministic process and stochastic process). What are these two processes? Please: 1) explain these two processes in your own words, 2) give an example for each process, and 3) have you used them in your work? If yes, which process is more often used. TITLE: The DETERMINISTIC PROCESS vs. The STOCHASTIC PROCESS 1) Explanation: A stochastic process (random) is the counterpart to a deterministic process. Instead of dealing with only one possible "reality" of how the process might evolve with time, in a stochasticprocess, there is some indeterminacy in its future evolution described by probability distributions. This means that even if the initial condition (starting point) is known, there are many possibilities into which the process might evolve, where some paths are more probable than other paths. In the simplest possible case (discrete time), a stochastic process amounts to a sequence of random variable known as a “time series”. Random variables corresponding to various times (points) may be totally different. The main requirement is that these different random quantities are all of the “same-type”. Although the random values of a stochastic process may be independent random variables at different times, in most common considered situations, they exhibit complicated statistical correlations. EVERY FUNCTION HAS A DOMAIN. Mathematically, the definition of “same-type”: meaning, belonging to the same “codomain”. a) What can go INTO a function is called the DOMAIN. What may, possibly, COME OUT of a function, is called the codomain. c) What ACTUALLY comes out of a function is called the RANGE. In “y = sin (x)”, the function is the “sine” function. What goes into the sine-function is “x”, the domain. (“x” is the independent variable) What comes out of the sine-function is “y”, the codomain. (“y” is the dependent variable) The range is (-1 to +1), the range of all values for the sine-function. Determinism is the view that every event, including human cognition, behavior, decision, and action, is causally determined by an unbroken chain of prior occurrences. With numerous historical debates, many varieties and philosophical positions on the subject of determinism exist from traditions throughout the world. Determinism necessarily entails that humanity or individual humans may not change the course of the future and its events (a position known as “fatalism”); however, some determinists believe that the level to which human beings have influence over their future is, itself, merely dependent on the present and past. Causal determinism is associated with, and relies upon, the ideas of materialism and causality. The probabilistic or selectionistic determinism of B.F. Skinner comprised a wholly separate conception of determinism that was not mechanistic at all. A mechan- istic determinism would assume that every event has an unbroken chain of prior occurrences but a selectionistic or probabilistic model does not. The exact meaning of the term, determinism, has historically been subject to rigorous scrutiny and several interpretations. Some people view determinism and free will as mutually exclusive. The Determinism Problem gives the following summary of the theory of determinism: in its central part, determinism is the theory that our choices (and decisions and what gives rise to them) are effects. What the theory depends upon is what effects are taken to be. It is effects that seem fundamental to the subject of determinism; i.e., how it affects our lives. “Varieties of determinism” is the thesis that future events are necessitated by past and present events combined with the laws of nature. Imagine an entity that knows all facts about the past and the present and knows the natural laws governing the universe. Such an entity might be able to use this knowledge to foresee the future, down to the smallest detail. 1 / 2 2) Examples: Familiar examples of processes modeled as stochastic time series include stock market and exchange rate fluctuations, signals such as speech, audio and video, medical data such as a patient's EKG, EEG, blood pressure or temperature, and random movement such as Brownian- motion or random walks. Examples of random fields include static images, random terrain (landscapes) or composition variations of a heterogeneous material. "Scientific determinism" is predicated on the supposition that all events have a cause and effect; in other words, that the combination of events, at a particular time, cause a particular outcome. This causal determinism has a direct relationship with predictability. Perfect predictability implies strict determinism, but lack of predictability does not necessarily imply lack of determinism. Limitations on predictability could alternatively be caused by factors such as a lack of information or excessive complexity. An example of this could be found by looking at a bomb dropping from the air. Through mathematics, we can predict the time the bomb will take to reach the ground and we also know what will happen once the bomb explodes. Any small errors in prediction might arise from our not measuring some factors, such as puffs of wind or variations in air temperature along the bomb's path. Logical determinism is the notion that all propositions, whether about the past, present or future, are either true or false. The problem of free will, in this context, is the problem of how choices can be free, given that what one does in the future is already determined as true or false in the present. 3) Have you used these processes in your work? YES. My first Master’s Thesis in Mathematics was based on the Random Walk technique as applied to an insulated, circular-conduit, taking measurements going “into” and coming “out-of” the conduit, at each end, after many random numbers had been generated as they impinged on the inside of the conduit. Which process is more often used? The process of determinism is more often used than the stochastic process. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
gbpfan1231 Posted September 13, 2009 Share Posted September 13, 2009 What is your point? Thast is exactly what I would have put as my answer. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
ts Posted September 13, 2009 Share Posted September 13, 2009 I'd give the dude a D just for referencing BF Skinner in his answer. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
wiegie Posted September 13, 2009 Share Posted September 13, 2009 Chapter 3 discusses two spatial processes (deterministic process and stochastic process). What are these two processes? Please: 1) explain these two processes in your own words, 2) give an example for each process, and 3) have you used them in your work? If yes, which process is more often used. 1) a deterministic process occurs when x happens and y necessarily happens as a result; a stochastic process occurs if when x happens it cannot be predicted what will happen as a result. 2) a) stochastic process: some biatch randomly tried to jump me a deterministic process: I subsequently beat his ass 3) a) see above; no more random biatches have tried to jump me because they know that if they do, I will give them a beat-down. Hence, I use deterministic processes more often Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Big John Posted September 14, 2009 Share Posted September 14, 2009 1) a deterministic process occurs when x happens and y necessarily happens as a result; a stochastic process occurs if when x happens it cannot be predicted what will happen as a result. 2) a) stochastic process: some biatch randomly tried to jump me a deterministic process: I subsequently beat his ass 3) a) see above; no more random biatches have tried to jump me because they know that if they do, I will give them a beat-down. Hence, I use deterministic processes more often Also known as "Going polksalet" on them. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
polksalet Posted September 14, 2009 Author Share Posted September 14, 2009 1) a deterministic process occurs when x happens and y necessarily happens as a result; a stochastic process occurs if when x happens it cannot be predicted what will happen as a result. 2) a) stochastic process: some biatch randomly tried to jump me a deterministic process: I subsequently beat his ass 3) a) see above; no more random biatches have tried to jump me because they know that if they do, I will give them a beat-down. Hence, I use deterministic processes more often HAHAHAHAHAHA If this were any other teacher I might put that in. This lady however is a recent import from China and I have NO idea how she would take it. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
wiegie Posted September 14, 2009 Share Posted September 14, 2009 This lady however is a recent import from China and I have NO idea how she would take it. not well (trust me on this one) Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
cre8tiff Posted September 14, 2009 Share Posted September 14, 2009 I'd give the dude a D just for referencing BF Skinner in his answer. No F'n joke. Tell him it is a conditioned response from years of grading tests handed in by overachieving know it all nerds. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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